Philosophy Papers
Same Day Delivery!
Only $9.95/page + FREE Bibliography!!!

Existentialism & The Ultimate Concerns
[ send me this paper ]
A 5 page paper that discusses the key concepts of existentialism and the ultimate concerns as identified by Yalom. These are applied to the high risk sport of mountaineering. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: PGexult.wps

Existentialism and Human Emotions
[ send me this paper ]
4 pages. When considering whether Sartre is correct in the conclusions he draws from his discussions of anguish and forlorness, it is necessary to first understand what he is explaining when he talks about existentialism. The heart of existentialism is captured by the slogan 'existence precedes essence'. The paper discusses Sartre's use of anguish and forlorness in his essay on human emotion.
Filename: JGAemotn.wps

Existentialism: Sartre and "Taxi Driver"
[ send me this paper ]
A 5 page paper which discusses Sartre's "Nausea" as it involves existentialism and then presents an examination of the film "Taxi Driver" as it applies. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: RAsartrtx.wps

Existentialism: Sartre and "Taxi Driver"
[ send me this paper ]
A 14 page paper which discusses Sartre's "Nausea" as it involves existentialism and then presents an examination of the film "Taxi Driver" as it applies. The paper also offers a general view of Sartre's ideas and theories regarding human nature and existentialism. Bibliography lists 8 additional sources.
Filename: RAsartrtx2.wps

Expressivism in Marxist Theories
[ send me this paper ]
5 pages in length. Marxist theories regarding expressivism overflow into social and political theory and philosophy. While expressivism can be considered a freedom that we can all choose to enjoy, that expressivism can overrun its boundaries and turn into something negative, as though it had a life of its own. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: JGAexmrx.wps

Faith: St. Augustine and Kierkegaard
[ send me this paper ]
A 7 page paper which compares and contrasts how St. Augustine, in "Confessions," and Kierkegaard, in "Fear and Trembling," regard faith. No additional sources cited.
Filename: RAaugkierk.wps

Fatalism
[ send me this paper ]
This 5 page paper explores this subject through Richard Taylor's eyes. Fatalism and determinism are compared. The paper examines Taylor's position on fate and concludes that it is reasonable despite some seeming inconsistencies. The film Sliding Doors is used as an analogy. Bibliography lists 1 source.
Filename: SA011fte.wps

Foucauldian Analysis of Social Policy
[ send me this paper ]
A 7 page paper which discusses the main arguments for and against a Foucauldian analysis of social policy. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: RAfoucaul.wps

Foucault, Power, Knowledge And The Art Of Video
[ send me this paper ]
This 6 page paper explores the philosophies of Mihel Foucault in regards to power and knowledge and how it pertains to the study of human interaction. T. Kim Trang Tran's documentary of the plight of Cambodian women under the Khmer Rouge is examined in light of Foucault's theories. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: KTfouvid.wps

Freedom Within Specific Philosophical Views
[ send me this paper ]
A 15 page paper. This essay addresses freedom within the concepts of fatalism, determinism/indeterminism, predestination and existentialism. Different philosophers as well as the Bible are used as references in the discussion of how freedom is perceived within these philosophical issues. Bibliography lists 16 sources.
Filename: PGfree8.wps

Freud's The Uncanny
[ send me this paper ]
This 5 page paper presents an overview of Freud's conceptual framework of what constitutes the uncanny in terms of the sublime, death and doubling as well as a brief look at the thoughts of Martin Heidegger and Jacques Derrida on the subject. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: KTuncnny.wps

Friedrich Nietzsche and His Views on Human Nature
[ send me this paper ]
This 5 page report discusses the German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche and his beliefs regarding “eternal recurrence,” the idea that there is infinite time and a finite number of events, and eventually the events will recur again and again infinitely. The world is an eternal process of coming to be and passing away. The process, however, has no beginning or end. Eventually every combination of matter and energy will be realized and repeated an infinite number of times. Some of these views are then contrasted with those of Karl Marx. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: BWnienat.wps

Friedrich Nietzsche, Gay Science and Groundhog Day
[ send me this paper ]
This 7 page paper considers Nietzsche's idea of eternal repetition and compares this to the film staring Bill Murray. The paper answers specific questions posed by the student on how we may see parallels and between these two works with the use of metaphors in the film and how we can interpret them. The bibliography cites 2 sources.
Filename: TEnestgd.wps

Friendship And Love
[ send me this paper ]
This 5 page paper explores the views of Aristotle in the Nicomachean Ethics and C. S. Lewis in his book, The Four Loves, on the issues of friendship and love. No additional sources are listed.
Filename: KTfriend.wps

Friendship: Aristotle and Augustine
[ send me this paper ]
A 5 page paper which discusses the views of friendship maintained by Aristotle and Augustine. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: RAfriendari.wps

Friendship: Aristotle And Sia
[ send me this paper ]
A 6 page paper about friendship. Two texts are used: Aristotle's Nicomachean ethics and M.S. Sia's novel, The Fountain Arethuse. Aristotle's concepts of friendship are explained using some of the characters in Sia's novel to exemplify the kinds of friendships Aristotle discusses. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: PGarsia.wps

Functionalism & Science / Does it Negate Empiricism?
[ send me this paper ]
A 5 page paper that considers the statement: 'functionalism is a scientifically suspect theory, quite apart from concern about its empirical adequacy' and refutes the charges against the basic elements of functionalist application. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: Funcsci.wps

Functionalism & The Mind
[ send me this paper ]
A 9 page paper that provides an overview of the premise of functionalism presented by Todd Moody and Paul Churchland and then considers its application in determining elements of mental evolution, emotion, consciousness, and artificial intelligence. No additional sources cited.
Filename: Funct.wps

Galileo's Dialogues Concerning the two Chief World Systems
[ send me this paper ]
This 4 page paper provides an overview of Galileo's Dialogues Concerning the two Chief World Systems. Ideas are outlined and controversies are duly noted. No additional sources cited.
Filename: SA102Gal.wps

Georg Simmel’s “The Philosophy of Money”
[ send me this paper ]
A 7 page paper which examines the relation between Simmel’s understanding of the money economy and a relativistic world view. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: TGmoney.rtf

Georgia Guidestones
[ send me this paper ]
A 5 page paper which examines the group known as the Georgia Guidestones who are a group searching for the "Age of Reason." The paper discusses the religious, philosophical, and political ideas of the past "Age of Reason" to the modern "Age of Reason" as possessed by the Georgia Guidestones. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: RAgeorgia.wps

Growth and Development & Spiritual Journey / One and the Same
[ send me this paper ]
In 5 pages the author develops the thesis that one's growth and development and one's spiritual journey are one and the same. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: Growdev.wps

Hedonism Today
[ send me this paper ]
A 5 page paper discussing the prevalence of hedonism in American society today. Hedonism has been a traditional part of existence since the beginning of time. Americans throughout history, have often been far too busy surviving and getting ahead to always enjoy the benefits of hedonism. Perhaps the last great hedonistic era this country saw was the revolution of the 1960's when drugs and sex and the enjoyment of life was the goal of many young people. Today those children of the 60's are businessmen and women who pursue virtue and morals rather than sheer enjoyment for enjoyments sake. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: Hedonism.wps

Hegel and Nietzsche: Personal Perceptions a Symptom of Society's Outlook
[ send me this paper ]
A 6 page paper which examines the theories of Hegel and Nietzsche as they involve the belief that our personal perceptions are nothing but a reflection of society's outlook. They argue that this contradictory condition is ending in their works. The works discussed in analyzing this perception are Hegel's "Philosophy of Right" and Nietzsche's "The Gay Science" and "On the Genealogy of Morals." Bibliography lists 3 additional sources.
Filename: RAhegelnietz.wps

Hermeneutics As It Relates To Children
[ send me this paper ]
5 pages in length. The meaning and style of hermeneutics inherently includes the nature of understanding and in the broadest possible terms asks: What is understanding? What happens when I say, "I understand"? Understanding is most relevant to hermeneutics when it takes live experience -- the event of understanding -- as its starting point. Language, the involvement of another human horizon and the act of historical penetration are all interconnected in the notion of hermeneutics as an interdisciplinary crossroads for significant thought. The writer discusses hermeneutics as it relates to children. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: TLCherm.wps

Hilary Putnam's Theory of 'Nature of Mental States'
[ send me this paper ]
A 3 page paper discussing philosopher Hillary Putnam's theory of the 'Nature of Mental States.' Bibliography lists three sources.
Filename: putnam2.doc

Hillary Putnam & The 'Ready-Made World'
[ send me this paper ]
A 5 page paper that discusses Hillary Putnam's theory on the ready-made world and on truth and theoretical processes. Putnam argues that there isn't a ready-made world, that the concept of the world is dependent on a number of considerations in its formation, including perceptions and the concept of realism. This paper argues that Putnam's contentions about the rational acceptablity of theories is flawed because of his cyclical reasoning. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: Putnam.wps

History as Nightmare
[ send me this paper ]
a 3 page paper which examines the quote (James) "Joyce is right about history being a nightmare--But it may be the nightmare from which no one can awaken. People are trapped in history and history is trapped in them" made by J. Baldwin.
Filename: RAnghtmre.wps

Hobbes & Burke / Two Founders Of Modern Conservatism
[ send me this paper ]
An 8 page paper that considers the claim that Hobbes and Burke, --though there are few similarities in the views they expressed--, share the role as founders of modern conservatism and compares their views on man, human nature and government with the views of liberals like Mill and Locke. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: Hobbur.wps

Hobbes +Social Contract +Locke.
[ send me this paper ]
(7pp) The fundamental basis for government and law in this system is the concept of the social contract. Human beings begin as individuals in a state of nature, and create a society by establishing a contract, whereby they agree to live together in harmony for their mutual benefit, after which they are said to live in a state of society. This contract involves the retaining of certain natural rights, an acceptance of restrictions of certain liberties, the assumption of certain duties, as well as the pooling of certain powers to be exercised collectively. So in theory the use of a social contract is a give and take negotiation . Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: BBsoconR.doc

Hobbs, Locke & Divisibilty.
[ send me this paper ]
(5 pp) Through prolific writings on subjects including optics, philosophy and social theory, the "Hobbsean system" emerges as a coherent and comprehensive world view grounded in the distinct understanding of philosophy as physics. The world according to Hobbes is a world in which all spheres of activity are governed and explained through mechanical principles and where the primary task of philosophy is to understand the chain of cause and effect through which all phenomena emerge (Foutz ppg).Locke on the other hand, believes each human starts with a mental blank slate, and then adds to it through their knowledge and experience. Our question of discussion is how these two relate to divisibility. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: BBdivisi.doc

Hobbs, Locke & Divisibilty.
[ send me this paper ]
(5 pp) Through prolific writings on subjects including optics, philosophy and social theory, the "Hobbsean system" emerges as a coherent and comprehensive world view grounded in the distinct understanding of "philosophy as physics." The world according to Hobbes is a world in which all spheres of activity are governed and explained through mechanical principles, and where the primary task of philosophy is to understand the chain of cause and effect, through which all phenomena emerge (Foutz ppg).Locke on the other hand, believes each human starts with a mental blank slate, and then adds to it through their knowledge and experience. Our question of discussion is how these two relate to "divisibility." Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: BBdivisR.doc

Hsun Tzu and Thomas Hobbes on Human Nature
[ send me this paper ]
This 8 page paper provides an overview of the views of Thomas Hobbes and Hsun Tzu as they relate to the concept of human nature and assessments of man's role within society. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: MHHobTzu.wps

Human Nature -- Comparing Machiavelli and Hobbes
[ send me this paper ]
This 10 page essay discusses the author’s perspectives regarding the thinking of Niccolo Machiavelli (1469-1527), Italian historian, statesman, and political philosopher, and Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679), English philosopher and political theorist, shared one distinct similarity . . . they and their theories were generally viewed with mistrust and hostility. What becomes clear when reading their works and considering the implications of those works from a 21st century point of view is how much humanity has not changed throughout the centuries. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: BWnathum.wps

Hume and Spinoza Compared
[ send me this paper ]
This 6 page paper compares the two philosophers in terms of their ideas. There is a focus on morality and the existence of God. Similarities found between the two is the focus of this paper. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: SA010Hum.wps

Hume Awakes Kant from Dogmatic Slumber
[ send me this paper ]
(5pp) Our challenge in this discussion is to determine the influence of Hume on Kant. Why would Kant say that Hume had awakened him from "dogmatic slumber?" And how did this awakening influence Kant. These questions will be answered based upon Kan'ts Prologomena for the Future of Metaphysics (1787). Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: BBkanthu.doc

Hume's Theory on Knowledge in the World
[ send me this paper ]
5 pages in length. It was the conviction of philosopher David Hume that there cannot be any genine knowledge of the world other than what we are perceiving at that very moment. Additionally, Hume rejects the two principles by which mankind can infer anything about future experience based on our past experience; namely, induction and the principle of causality. Bibliography lists 1 source.
Filename: JGAhumcn.wps

Hume's Theory on Knowledge in the World
[ send me this paper ]
5 pages in length. It was the conviction of philosopher David Hume that there cannot be any genine knowledge of the world other than what we are perceiving at that very moment. Additionally, Hume rejects the two principles by which mankind can infer anything about future experience based on our past experience; namely, induction and the principle of causality. Bibliography lists 1 source.
Filename: JGAhumcn1.wps

Identity of Meaning Theory
[ send me this paper ]
A 2 page discussion and analysis of the Identity of Meaning Theory as posited by theorists such as U.T. Place. The writer compares identity of meaning with its opposite : factual existence and concludes that indeed, we don't have to actually know how to describe something before we can describe it. No Bibliography.
Filename: Idenmean.wps

Immanuel Kant and the Concept of Ethics
[ send me this paper ]
This 5 page report discusses Immanuel Kant (1724-1804)who is often described as one of the greatest of all philosophers. He differentiates rather carefully between what he thinks of as duties of virtue (ethics) from duties of justice (right). Bibliography lists 6sources.
Filename: BWkaneth.wps

Immanuel Kant and the Differences Between Acting “in” or “from” Duty
[ send me this paper ]
This 5 page report discusses Kant’s Grounding for the Metaphysics of Morals, Kant is determined to find the most reasonable principle of right or appropriate conduct understood to be what human beings most commonly think of as moral conduct. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: BWacting.wps

Immanuel Kant's "Critique of Pure Reason": Distinctions Between Analytical and Synthetic Judgments and Between A-Priori and A-Posteriori Judgments
[ send me this paper ]
A 5 page overview of Kantian philosophy. Examines the analytical and synthetic approaches to judgments and defines each. Further distinguishes between the a-priori and the a-posteriori approaches. Provides guidance as to why Kant equated the possibility of metaphysics with the possibility of synthetic a-priori judgments. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: PPkantAr.wps

Immanuel Kant’s Vision of Morality and “Political Moralists”
[ send me this paper ]
This 5 page report discusses the philosopher Immanuel Kant (1724-1804) and his understanding of what constitutes morality and how it cannot be applied to a concept that would be called “political moralist.” In Kant’s opinion, the moral point of view is impartial and favors no particular individual. Morality requires an individual, according to Kant, that he or she act on a maxim that they can universalize, in other words that his or her reasons for a certain action could be considered valid for anyone in a comparable situation. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: BWppkant.wps

Immanuel Kant’s “Religion Within the Limits of Reason Alone”
[ send me this paper ]
This 5 page report discusses the thinking of Immanuel Kant (1724-1804) who is often described as one of the greatest of all philosophers in relationship to what he wrote and thought about religion and the “religion of morality.” In Kant’s opinion, the moral point of view is impartial and favors no particular individual. Morality requires an individual, according to Kant, that he or she act on a maxim that they can universalize, in other words that his or her reasons for a certain action could be considered valid for anyone in a comparable situation. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: BWkanrel.wps

Inductive & Deductive Reasoning
[ send me this paper ]
This 20 page research paper discusses the philosophical concepts of inductive and deductive reasoning to the development of modern-day logic. The works of numerous historic philosophers are cited. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: Indeduct.rtf

Inductive Reasoning
[ send me this paper ]
A 4 page paper which examines the differences between deductive and inductive reasoning. The writer gives numerous examples that illustrate the problems inherent in inductive logic. Bibliography lists 1 source.
Filename: Indureas.wps

Intent Of Philosophy Throughout History Analyzed
[ send me this paper ]
A 15 page paper which discusses philosophy from a historical and contemporary standpoint to explore its intention and its impact upon the general public. To illustrate the influence of philosophy on man, the works of the ancient Greeks, Confucius, Rene Descartes, Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, David Hume, Immanuel Kant, John Stuart Mill, Friedrich Nietzsche and Jean-Paul Sartre. Bibliography lists 20 sources.
Filename: Phist.wps

Is a Disembodied Mind a Person?
[ send me this paper ]
This 6 page paper uses a 1998 X-Files episode as an example for exploring the idea that a disembodied mind could experience personhood. The paper argues against that notion, explaining that the physical body is most important in the definition of personhood. Descartes and Locke's ideas are noted. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: SA050Per.wps

Is There A Natural Order In The Universe ? -No !
[ send me this paper ]
A 3 page paper that argues for the statement that "there is a natural order in our universe." This paper demonstrates that from scientific, philosophical and social perspectives, there is a natural order. Bibliography lists 1 source.
Filename: Naturalo.wps

Is There A Natural Order In The Universe ? -Yes !
[ send me this paper ]
A 3 page paper that argues against the statement "there is a natural order in our universe." This paper demonstrates that while there is support for some natural order, that randomness and man's systematic (or created) order are prevalent. Bibliography lists 1 source.
Filename: Natural2.wps

J. S. Mill On Liberty
[ send me this paper ]
5 pages in length. In On Liberty Mill argues that the expression of opinion should be free unless it is as incitement to action that will be harmful to others; and if that is the case then it can be regulated. The question this paper will address is whether Mill does not recognize an absolute right to the freedom of speech; for if the expression of opinion will be harmful to others is a question of fact which could call for judgement in individual cases. Whether or not this is the same position as that of the U. S. Bill of Rights and the U. S. law will be considered. Bibliography lists 1 sources.
Filename: JGAjmill.wps

Jean Baudrillard; Hyper Reality and the Media
[ send me this paper ]
This 11 page paper considers Baudrillard's theory of hyper reality and how we can see this impact on the social world due to the role of the media with its' creation and propagation of images. The paper discusses the theory and the role of simulation, and uses examples to illustrate the points raised. The bibliography cites 5 sources.
Filename: TEhyprel.wps

Jean-Jacque Rousseau (1712-1778)
[ send me this paper ]
(8 pp) Rousseau was a mental explorer - not a very happy one, but like all good philosophers he did take a stand at trying to figure why certain things were as they were. He still looked for truth and beauty, but never seemed to be able to see it in himself. Themes of freedom and citizenship are discussed in terms of Rouseau's Basic Political writings including The Discourses on the Sciences and the Arts, the Inequality of Man, as well as On the Social Contract.
Filename: BBrousso

John Locke and the Social Contract
[ send me this paper ]
This 5 page paper considers what is meant by a social contract and the philosophies of Locke surrounding the role of the social contract. The paper considers the role of consent of the citizen and the duties of the government and the limitations of these two elements of the contract. The bibliography cites 2 sources.
Filename: TElocksc.wps

John Locke And The Social Contract Theory
[ send me this paper ]
A 5 page paper that discusses Locke's concept of the social contract. A slight comparison is made with Hobbes and Rousseau in order to demonstrate Locke's middle ground. Locke's major thoughts regarding the social contract are presented. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: PGlock4.wps

John Locke’s Views Regarding Personal Property
[ send me this paper ]
This 8 page report discusses English philosopher, John Locke (1632-1704), and his belief that the only reason society degenerates to armed conflict and strife is because of a depletion of the essential ingredients of an individual or a community’s self-preservation. Those ingredients, according to the Second Treatise include the right to private property. He also believes that it is labor that creates value and turns something that was fundamentally worthless into something of worth. Therefore, the person who has put energy and effort into a product has a right to that product. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: BWpropjl.wps

John Locke’s “Blank Slate” and Education
[ send me this paper ]
This 5 page report discusses the ideas of John Locke concerning education and the tabula rasa (“blank slate”) of human beings. Locke’s ideas regarding the formation of government and the appropriate role of government have served as guiding parameters in the formation of Western governments for centuries. In his “Essay Concerning Human Understanding” (1690), Locke asserted that the human mind could be compared to a “white paper, void of all characters” and that same mind relied on “all the materials of reason and knowledge.” This paper considers the role of education in such a construct. Bibliography lists one source.
Filename: BWtabula.wps

John Locke’s “Essay on Human Understanding” Book II
[ send me this paper ]
This 5 page report discusses English philosopher, John Locke (1632-1704) and his focus on the division of human ideas in sub-categories related to substances, modes, and relations. Almost the entire core of the intellectual activity of the eighteenth century in England leads back to Locke. Locke was able to succinctly describe and honor the Enlightenment in his belief in the middle class and its right to freedom of conscience and right to property, in his faith in science, and in his confidence in the goodness of humanity. Locke was convinced that in order for a liberal, tolerant, regime to survive, it had to be intolerant of those who were neither liberal nor tolerant. His influence upon philosophy and political theory has been incalculable. No secondary sources.
Filename: BWjockel.wps

John R. Searle and His “Chinese Room Argument”
[ send me this paper ]
This 5 page report discusses the 20th century philosophical writer John R. Searle’s “Chinese Room Argument” and the ways in which “Strong AI” (artificial intelligence) is actually a faulty premise. The point he makes is that it may be possible hand out the appropriate and even accurate answers and that those responses may serve to connect with the expectations of those asking the questions in a situation in which a reader is connecting symbols without any awareness of their individual meaning. However, it does not indicate that any real understanding has taken place or that any sort of meaning is actually attached to the question and answer process that is taking place. Bibliography lists one source.
Filename: BWjrsear.wps

John Rawls' "A Theory of Justice"
[ send me this paper ]
An 11 page paper discussing Rawls' system of justice, which must be based on the least advantaged individual in the society. That one claiming unfairness in justice obviously becomes the least advantaged. That individual then provides the basis for the system of justice no longer being fair, and policy makers are obliged to withdraw once more behind the "veil of ignorance" in order to accommodate the individual and his changing society. The paper also provides background on the philosophy of Kant and Mill, who provides the framework of utilitarianism that Rawls reshapes into his theory of justice. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: KSRawlsTheo.wps

John Rawls' "Theory Of Justice": Fundamentals And Critiques
[ send me this paper ]
6 pages in length. The writer discusses the fundamental aspects of Rawls' Theory of Justice, as well as addresses contemporary criticism of this theory. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: TLCjrawl.wps

John Stuart Mill on Lying
[ send me this paper ]
This 6 page thesis paper examines Mill's Utilitarianism with a focus on his definition of lying. Exceptions to lying are discussed. Other ideas are explored, inclusive of Kant's tough stance on the matter. No additional sources cited.
Filename: SA125lie.rtf

John Stuart Mill on What Constitutes a Good Marriage
[ send me this paper ]
A 5 page paper which examines John Stuart Mill's concept of an ideal marriage, and his description of what a good marriage should be like, as considered in "The Subjection of Women."
Filename: TGjsmarg.wps

John Stuart Mills: Utilitarianism.
[ send me this paper ]
(5 pp) Utilitarianism is an ethical theory developed in the modern period by Jeremy Bentham (1748-1832) and John Stuart Mill (1806-73) to promote fairness in British legislation during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries when the interests of the upper classes tended to prevail and the sufferings of the lower classes were neglected. Utilitarianism is an ethical theory that calls for putting benevolence into action. Mill interprets the term utilitarianism as signifying any moral theory (the terms ethical and moral are used synonymously by Bentham and Mill, ) in which acts are judged on the basis of their utility. Mill further specifies that there is no one conception of what constitutes utility and there is no implication of a sect. The author expresses dissention with "The Ultimate Sanction of the Principle of Utility." Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: BBjsmill.doc

John Stuart Mill’s “On Liberty” -- Skepticism or Toleration?
[ send me this paper ]
This 5 page report discusses the 19th century philosopher, John Stuart Mill who was certain that the highest normative principle is that, “actions are right in proportion as they tend to promote happiness; wrong as they tend to produce the reverse of happiness.” Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: BWmillON.wps

Jonathan Swift's "Gulliver's Travels" Book IV: Reason And Value
[ send me this paper ]
5 pages in length. Eighteenth century philosophy especially tended to pride itself on having developed to the highest degree the renaissance faith in reason as the distinctive quality of man. Author Jonathan Swift's attitude to his era's view of reason as the sole criterion of value is what ultimately transpired in Book IV of "Gulliver's Travels." That Gulliver had had an interesting – albeit at times strange – journey thus far in the tale did not prepare him for the discovery of his true self, an image he had not only loathed in himself but had previously condemned in others. No additional sources cited.
Filename: TLCgulli.wps

Jostein Gaarder's Novel, "Sophie's World" and Proving Goethe's Assertion That, "He Who Cannot Draw on Three Thousand Years, Is Living From Hand to Mouth"
[ send me this paper ]
A 5 page persuasive essay which defends the assertion made by German philosophical novelist Johann von Goethe, "He who cannot draw on three thousand years, is living from hand to mouth" by primarily relying upon Jostein Gaarder's novel, "Sophie's World." No additional sources are used.
Filename: TGsophie.wps

Kant And Duty
[ send me this paper ]
5 pages in length. Kant insists that only action derived from duty alone can possess moral worth, illustrating the effective distinction between acting in accordance with duty and acting from duty. In analyzing why Kant contends that action must be motivated by duty if it is to possess moral worth, one must be able to discern the reason why inclination, in and of itself, is not a suitable motive. Bibliography lists 1 source.
Filename: TLCduty.wps

Kant and Mills; A Comparison
[ send me this paper ]
This 6 page paper considers the philosophical differences and similarities between Kant and Mills. The issue of ethics is discussed by using a hypothetical case where a decision needs to be made and the ways in which the applications of the thoughts of Kant and Mills may determine a different outcome. The bibliography cites 4 sources.
Filename: TEkntmil.wps

Kant on Doing One's Duty
[ send me this paper ]
This 6 page paper assesses Kant's view on the assertion that one should do their duty. This paper assesses his views in the Goundwork for the Metaphysics of Morals, and considers the nature of Kant's arguments regarding imperfect and perfect duties. No additional sources cited.
Filename: MHKantdu.wps

Kant on Goodness
[ send me this paper ]
This 5 page paper looks at Kant's philosophy on Goodness including the 'categorical imperative' and his theory of summum bonum. The paper explains the ideas and the way they may be used in measuring goodness by and duty and that which 'ought' to be done rather than actions and results. The MLA style bibliography cites 3 sources.
Filename: TEkantgd

Kant's and Mill's Morality Theories Compared
[ send me this paper ]
This 7 page paper supports Mill's utilitarianism while showing the weaknesses in Kant's moral theory. The views are compared and contrasted. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: SA119phl.doc

Kant's Conception of Sublime
[ send me this paper ]
A 5 page paper which discusses Kant's conception of the sublime in his Critique of Judgement. Bibliography lists 4 additional sources.
Filename: RAkantsubl.wps

Kant's Critical Philosophy
[ send me this paper ]
This 10 page paper outlines Kant's critical philosophy, exploring concepts such as transcendental knowledge and the transcendental unity of apperception. The 1787, or "B" version, of his Critique of Pure Reason is used. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: SA023Knt.wps

Kant's Ideas About Knowledge
[ send me this paper ]
This 6 page paper considers several concepts contained in Immanuel Kant's Prolegomena to Any Future Metaphysics. A major focus of the paper is in respect to the concept of synthetic a priori knowledge. Definitions of analytical versus synthetic judgments are provided. No additional sources cited.
Filename: SA123Knt.rtf

Kant's Interpretation of Aesthetic Judgement
[ send me this paper ]
This 7 page paper uses Kant's original work called "Critique of Aesthetic Judgement" to provide definitions by the author regarding beauty, taste and seemingly subjective issues. Kant examines a priori knowledge and how beauty can be in fact objective. The philosopher's ideas are discussed in clear, understandable terms. Other issues are discussed, all referencing material from the book. Some quotes are included. No additional sources cited.
Filename: SA140Knt.rtf

Kant's Metaphysics of Morals
[ send me this paper ]
This 5 page paper addresses the subject of happiness, primarily with the use of Immanuel Kant's Metaphysics of Morals. The concept of happiness is discussed in depth. Morality and virtue enter the picture. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: SA117met.doc

Kantian Ethics and the Utilitarian View
[ send me this paper ]
This 7 page report discusses the relationship between the Kantian Ethics and the Utilitarian view advocated by thinkers such as Jeremy Bentham, J.S. Mills, and J. Rawls regarding the issue of morality and rationality. Also briefly discussed regarding the issue are Sartre and Aquinas. Kant makes a clear distinction between perceiving and thinking, which he credits to two specific capabilities of the mind, sense and understanding. This is compared to how these other philosophers viewed the true nature of utilitarianism. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: BWconcar.wps

Kantian Philosophy
[ send me this paper ]
10 pages in length. What, if any, moral and ethical obligation is humanity under within the scope of existence? The writer discusses this question, as well as addresses Kantian metaphysics and epistemology. Bibliography lists 9 sources.
Filename: TLCIkant.wps

Karl Marx and Alienation
[ send me this paper ]
This 5 page report discusses the ideas and ideals of Karl Marx as they relate to alienation. Karl Marx spent his entire life working for revolution, in the midst of a revolutionary situation, and he was attempting to build a modern form of political and cultural organization that would further his aims. The basis of Marx’s view of contemporary society lay in his criticism of the accumulation of capital and the ways in which it alienated people from one another. He was thoroughly convinced that capitalism was economically and politically nonviable and it was certain to ultimately cause the development of the revolutionary forces that would overthrow it. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: BWMalien.wps

Karl Marx and Alienation Compared to John Stuart Mill and Liberty
[ send me this paper ]
This 8 page report discusses Karl Marx’s attitudes regarding alienation and John Stuart Mill’s theory of liberty. Karl Marx’s primary dictum, reduced in the most simplistic of terms, was that all events are determined by economic forces. Marx was always well-aware that it was not the working class but the middle class that drove history along its ever-progressing path. That reality results in a fundamental sense of alienation. John Stuart Mill believes that it is “the business of ethics” to underscore or illustrate what any person’s actual duties are and in what way those duties define individual freedom. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: BWmilmar.wps

Karl Marx and Immanuel Kant
[ send me this paper ]
This 5 page report discusses the philosophers Karl Marx (1818-1883) and Immanuel Kant (1724-1804). Simplistically reduced, Marx held to the pronouncement that all events are determined by economic forces. Marx was always well-aware that it was not the working class but the middle class that drove history along its ever-progressing path. Immanuel Kant believed individual thought to be the framework by which the individual was able to determine the appropriate category into which one thought process or pattern would fit over another. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: BWmxkant.wps

Karl Marx’s Contribution to Political Thought
[ send me this paper ]
This 10 page report discusses the fact that in any discussion or research on the works of Karl Marx, that he had a singular premise, whether it related to politics, economics, or sociology. Marx’s declaration, simplistically reduced, was that all events are determined by economic forces. In terms of his separate political perspective, as much as it could ever be separated from his point of view regarding economics, it was not as opposite to the politics of many of the great politicians in the world’s modern democracies. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: BWmarpol.wps

Karl Marx’s “Das Kapital (‘Capital’) -- A Critique of Political Economy
[ send me this paper ]
This 6 page report discusses Karl Marx (1818-83) and one of his most important works, “Das Kapital.” Marx’s fundamental assertion, in the most simple of terms, was that all events are determined by economic forces. His analysis of capitalist economy and his theories of historical materialism, the class struggle, and the meaning of value evolved as the basis of modern socialist doctrine. Those ideas are of decisive importance with respect to revolutionary action, his theories on the nature of the capitalist state, the road to power, and the dictatorship of the proletariat. Most of those ideas and ideals are captured in one of his most famous works “Das Kapital.” Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: BWkmcap.wps

Kierkegaard / 'Fear and Trembling'
[ send me this paper ]
A 5 page analysis of Soren Kierkegaard's book Fear and Trembling, in which the nineteenth century Danish philosopher argues that there are three stages to human existence, the highest of which is religious. No additional sources cited.
Filename: 99fr&tr.wps

Kierkegaard: "Fear and Trembling"
[ send me this paper ]
A 5 page paper which discusses Problemata I within Kierkegaard's "Fear and Trembling" and illustrates Kierkegaard's solution to the problem. The problem presented is that which is clearly evident in the philosophies of Hegel which Kierkegaard heavily disagreed. The paper also addresses Kierkegaard's notion of faith as it relates to this problem. Bibliography lists 1 additional source.
Filename: RAkierkegrd.wps

Knowing the External World
[ send me this paper ]
A 5 page paper discussing Locke's almond example of primary and secondary qualities, followed by the means by which Berkeley and Hume reject Locke's arguments. Hume concludes that there is no way we can know that the physical world does indeed exist. Perceptions are subjective, and physical objects are dependent on individuals' perceptions of them. The same applies to Locke's almond: if neither physical objects nor causative forces exist outside the mind, then Locke's primary and secondary qualities also exist only within the mind. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: KSphiLocHum.wps

Knowledge and Power: Theories
[ send me this paper ]
A 9 page paper which discusses aspects of the relationship between knowledge and power as seen by several theorists. The paper discusses how some believe that knowledge produces power, while others argue knowledge must be free from power in order to be true. The theorists and works discussed are Hobbes' "Leviathan," Nietzsche "On the Genealogy of Morals," Marx and Engel's reader (Jewish question, Communist Manifesto), Mill's "On Liberty," and Foucault's "Discipline and Punish" and "the subject and power." Bibliography lists 3 additional sources.
Filename: RAknowpwer.wps

Knowledge of the Past, Knowledge of the Future:
[ send me this paper ]
5 pages in length. "Without knowledge of the past, we would have no knowledge at all." With this statement in mind, the author examines many different ways in which the statement is proven to be true. Examples are given and an effective thesis is made. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: JGAknowl.wps

Learning to Die is Learning to Live: "Tuesdays with Morrie" and "Sacred Art of Dying"
[ send me this paper ]
A 5 page paper which discusses how the term "learning to live is learning to die," as presented in Mitch Albom's book "Tuesdays with Morrie," is a theme also found in Kenneth Kramer's "The Sacred Art of Dying." Bibliography lists 4 additional sources.
Filename: RAdielive.wps

Levoy's Callings
[ send me this paper ]
This 5 page book review looks at Callings : Finding and Following an Authentic Life. by Gregg Michael Levoy. The concept of the calling and finding satisfaction in work is discussed. No additional sources cited.
Filename: SA101cal.wps

Limited Nuclear War
[ send me this paper ]
A 6 page paper exploring three main points regarding a 'limited' nuclear war: the sociological history of war, the justification for nuclear arms, and the effects of a nuclear war on society and the environment. Concludes with an argument in favor of limited nuclear war. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: Limitwar.wps

Living Up to our Standards According to Different Sources
[ send me this paper ]
5 pages. There are many terms that have been used to characterize the notion that human beings fall short of what they are meant to be. In order to fully research this topic, we will look at the following terms and indicate which of them seems to most accurately describe the human condition and why. The terms we will look at are that of sin as written about in the New Testament; Unrighteousness as discussed in the Old Testament; Ignorance as considered by Plato and the Stoics, and Attachment as we find in the Bhagavad Gita. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: JGAignrc.wps

Locke's Ideas about Man and Morality
[ send me this paper ]
This 5 page paper provides an overview of some of Locke's theories which come from "An Essay Concerning Human Understanding." Other issues such as punishment, the soul and the concept of the person are all discussed. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: SA048loc.wps

Locke: Freedom of Individuals vs. Political Authority
[ send me this paper ]
A 5 page paper which discusses Locke's Second Treatise of Government as it pertains to the tension which exists between freedom of individuals and the need for political authority. No additional sources cited.
Filename: RAlockefree.wps

Logic and Lack of Logic in an Argument
[ send me this paper ]
This 5 page report discusses the assumptions made in a hypothetical argument regarding Waymarsh State College who go to their state legislature to protest budget cuts. The “logic” used by the legislature in ignoring the students was that since only 200 students protested at the capitol, the remaining 11,800 students must not care about either the issue or their education. The argument presented does not follow the “rules” of a logical argument and presents a conclusion that is clearly not warranted. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: BWwaymar.wps

Looking at Issues
[ send me this paper ]
( 5 pp.) Sissela Bok has an amazing ability to help her reader see an issue in a different way . This discussion will use her methods of philosophical approach as found in her 1982 book Lying. Also used for examination will be a personal issue provided by the writer ,as well as historical overlays about the subject taken from philosophers Immanuel Kant and James Mills. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: BBsisbok.doc

Lucretius's Philosophy
[ send me this paper ]
This 5 page paper looks at Lucretius's writing The Way Things Are and provides arguments and counterarguments. Two strong and weak arguments in respect to the philosopher's philosophical atomism are presented. No additional sources cited.
Filename: SA128Luc.rtf

Machiavelli’s “The Prince -- Influence on the Leaders of the Future
[ send me this paper ]
This 8 page report discusses Niccolo Machiavelli’s 16th century classic “The Prince.” It is important to understand that there are certain key factors to be kept in mind in any analysis of Niccolo Machiavelli’s most famous work. For almost five hundred years, critics have praised Machiavelli for his explicitness, sophistication, authenticity, subtlety, and satire. Bibliography lists one source.
Filename: BWprinft.wps

Marx And Nietzsche: Self-Alienation
[ send me this paper ]
5 pages in length. Karl Marx and Friedrich Nietzsche were considered great thinkers of their time. Assessing the two philosophers' conjecture on self-alienation, one finds that both men took issue with the manner by which society treated the average person, implying that social hierarchy could be to blame for myriad issues of the individual. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: TLCalien.wps

Marx and the Hegelian Dialectic
[ send me this paper ]
This 7 page paper explores Marx's views on Hegel, particularly on the philosopher's dialectic, and compares and contrasts both theorists' points of view. The paper concludes that Hegel is more accurate in his position. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: SA23Hegl.wps

Marx, Economics, and Feminism
[ send me this paper ]
This 9 page report discusses Karl Marx’s fundamental assertion, in the most simple of terms, was that all events are determined by economic forces and how that can be applied to the precepts and discourses of feminism. The connection between feminism, Marxism and capitalism becomes very clear when one considers how both Marxism and feminism are determined to succeed in “revealing the secret of the world” and showing the oppressive nature that “the system” creates for both women and men. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: BWfemmar.wps

Materialism, Dualism, and Non-Foundationalism and Questioning what is Real
[ send me this paper ]
This 5 page report discusses these three concepts as understood and presented by Aristotle, Democritus, and Rene Descartes. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: BWmadual.

Max Weber and Emile Durkheim -- Comparing “The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism” with “The Dualism of Human Nature” and “The Elementary Forms of Religious Life”
[ send me this paper ]
This 6 page report discusses two of the “founding fathers” of modern sociology and compares and contrasts several of their best known ideas. A student of modern Western civilization must ask themself what combination of factors and circumstance resulted in today’s world and which of those are universal or determinants of significance and value. Both Durkheim and Weber expressed their unique perspectives on those interactions. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: BWwebdur.wps

Mencius
[ send me this paper ]
This 5 page paper looks at the teaching of this follower of Confucius. His views on human nature are considered and illustrated using quotes from his own teachings. The bibliography cites 4 sources.
Filename: TEmanciu.wps

Metaphysics / Schlick & Popper
[ send me this paper ]
A 7 page paper analyzing the theories of these two philosophers. The writer examines Schlick's position on verification, and Popper's comparison of verification and falsification, as well as his thoughts on Schlick's views. No Bibliography.
Filename: Metaphys.wps

Meursault: A Meaningful Life?
[ send me this paper ]
A 6 page paper which examines the character of Meursault in Albert Camus' book "The Stranger" and argues that he did not live a meaningful life as put forth through the notions of Vicktor Frankl in "The Meaning of Life." The views of Frankl are that by creating a work or doing a deed; by experiencing something or encountering someone; and by the attitude we take toward unavoidable suffering, we live what he saw to be a meaningful life. No additional sources cited.
Filename: RAmeurslt.wps

Mill and Aristotle: Moral Theories
[ send me this paper ]
A 5 page paper which discusses, and then compares and contrasts the moral theories of Mill and Aristotle. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: RAmillar.wps

Mill's Harm Principle
[ send me this paper ]
2 pages in length. John Stuart Mill had the best in mind for all when he offered up his harm principle. The writer discusses that by recognizing the inherently negative aspects associated with seemingly innocent actions, the philosopher was able to see beyond the obvious. No bibliography.
Filename: TLCMills.wps

Mill's Ideas About Truth and Liberty
[ send me this paper ]
This 5 page paper takes a look at truth and liberty as conveyed by John Stuart Mill's essay On Liberty. Some quotes are used. No additional sources cited.
Filename: SA119lib.doc

Mill's View on Freedom of Expression
[ send me this paper ]
This 10 page paper explores John Stuart Mill's On Liberty and how it relates to freedom of expression. Quotes from the work are included. Many examples from contemporary society are provided. The concept of personal freedom is explored in depth. No additional sources cited.
Filename: SA111Mil.wps

Money: The Route of All Evil in "Atlas Shrugged"
[ send me this paper ]
A 5 page paper which discusses the line, "so you think that money is the route of all evil...... have you ever asked what is the route of all money," as seen in Ayn Rand's "Atlas Shrugged." No additional sources cited.
Filename: RAaynrand.wps

Moral Relativism, Moral Communitarianism, and Moral Liberalism
[ send me this paper ]
This 5 page report discusses three schools of thought: Moral Relativism, as presented by Immanuel Kant; Moral Communitarianism, as presented by Plato; and, Moral Liberalism as presented in the thinking of Epicurus. The most basic principles of such thinking are briefly outlined, as well as a note regarding a weakness that is part of that particular framework of thinking. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: BW3view.wps

Moral Theories and Issues in Modern Life
[ send me this paper ]
This 10 page report discusses some of the many moral theories that question the ethical justification for action that exists in the modern world in terms of whether or not an action is truly “ethical” or simply expedient. For example, the idea of “corporate ethics” has become a catch phrase with enormous political and emotional, even economic clout. Corporate ethics encompasses an ever-widening array of issues. Ralsianism, contractualism, ethics of care, and virtue ethics are discussed. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: BWmorbus.wps

Moral Theory: Natural Law versus Utilitarianism
[ send me this paper ]
A 21 page paper that discusses two major types of moral theory. Natural law, which basically asserts that there is a universal moral law of human nature and utilitarianism, which basically promotes the premise that what is moral is what leads to the greatest benefit or happiness for the greatest number. Several subcategories of utilitarianism are explained and discussed. Major philosophers are cited. The writer then offers examples to demonstrate the similarities and differences between and among the theories. Bibliography lists 14 sources.
Filename: PGmorl4.wps

Morality in the Thought of Nietzsche
[ send me this paper ]
This 5 page paper considers a quote taken from the beginning of an essay on good and evil from 'On the Genealogy of Morality' and to understand how this reflects the views of Nietzsche ideas of self delusion and the need for differentiation between theological prejudice and moral prejudice. The paper explains this and looks to illustrate this with an historical example to support his view. The bibliography cites one source.
Filename: TEneitzh.wps

More's Utopia; Would You Want To Live There?
[ send me this paper ]
This 5 page paper takes a look at Thomas More's Utopia, and consider whether or not is would be a desirable place to live. The paper argues that the land is a parody and a mockery of life in the real world at the time it was written, and that living there would be to live in a joke. The paper also considers the book from other perspectives, and argues the undesirability of residence in this land, using arguments form the book to justify the argument. The bibliography cites 1 source.
Filename: TEutoplv.wps

Moses Maimonides
[ send me this paper ]
A 5 page paper discussing the ideas of law as seen by Moses Maimonides. Maimonides saw the perfect law as being concerned with the welfare of, not only the human body, but with the human soul as well. He adopted this position as the direct result of years of study that involved many different philosophers and theorists, as well as a direct result of the experiences he went through during his entire life. He was a man who believed that reason was of utmost importance, as long as the ideals of the Bible were never compromised. In this he clearly involved himself in the theory that was directly related to the idea of perfect law. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: RAmoses.wps

Murdoch's "Metaphysics As a Guide to Morals"
[ send me this paper ]
This 10 page paper delves into the work after exploring metaphysics and morals philosophically. Kant's work on the same subject is touched on and Plato is discussed too, but in more depth. Iris Murdoch's ideas are discussed, with an emphasis on the concept of good. Her ideas about God are also included. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: SA140Mur.rtf

Naturalism in Europe and America
[ send me this paper ]
A 5 page discussion of the impacts of the philosophy of naturalism on European and American culture. Defines naturalism and contrasts it to other philosophies. Concentrates on illuminating the impact of the naturalism movement on literature and other art forms. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: PPnatura.wps

Nature and the Social Contract in Hobbes, Locke, and Kant
[ send me this paper ]
A six page paper comparing and contrasting these three philosophers in terms of their views on "natural law" and its implications to society. Hobbes believed living in a "state of nature" was dangerous, and people should submit to the authority of social contracts for their own protection; Locke believed government had more potential for being dangerous, and the individual should rebel if he felt his rights were being violated; and Kant believed strife is inherently unnatural, and man's social contracts should teach him the ways of peace. Bibliography lists three sources.
Filename: KBnatlaw.wps

Niccolo Machiavelli’s “Discourses on Livy”
[ send me this paper ]
This 5 page report discusses “Discourses on Livy” is on of Niccolo Machiavelli’s lesser-known works. Written in 1531, it argues for an uncorrupted political culture and republican governance. While he is primarily associated with his work “The Prince,” his “Discourses on Livy” actually provide a far more accurate picture of his political philosophy and attitudes. No secondary sources listed.
Filename: BWlivy.wps

Niccolo Machiavelli’s “The Prince,” Human Values, and the Political Good Life
[ send me this paper ]
This 5 page report discusses Machiavelli’s “The Prince” and illustrates the ways in which a leader follows the precepts of what Machiavelli believes to be a good and political life as a leader. The theory of human behavior and politics that Machiavelli presents, which even if not acceptable by the prevailing morality of the time or even of the modern world, still deserves respect. Machiavelli is not interested in reforming human nature, but rather in using it to serve his own ends. No secondary sources.
Filename: BWgdprin.wps

Nietzsche And Arnold On Asceticism
[ send me this paper ]
This 5 page paper explores the meaning of asceticism as it applies to the discussion by Friedrich Nietzsche in On The Genealogy Of Morals and Matthew Arnold in Culture And Anarchy. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: KTasctsm.wps

Nietzsche vs Freud
[ send me this paper ]
A 5 page paper which examines the different views of Friedrich Nietzsche and Sigmund Freud on how rational and irrational instincts affect human lives and considers whether irrationality is the ingredient for a normal life. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: Freudni2.wps

Nietzsche Zarathustra and His Other Works
[ send me this paper ]
This 8 page paper provides a comparative view of Nietzsche's Zarathustra, and considers it when assessed against his other works. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: MHNietz4.wps

Nietzsche, Art And Ethics
[ send me this paper ]
5 pages in length. Nietzsche declared that art, rather than ethics, constitutes the essential metaphysical activity of man. The manner by which "The Birth of Tragedy" embodies this assertion is by way of contending that tragedy represented a combination of the turbulent Dionysian and placid Apollonian elements so apparent in Greek culture, with Socrates exemplifying the epitome of a perverse rationalism that ceased its existence. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: TLCnetz2.wps

Nietzsche’s “Birth of Tragedy” and its Relation to Socratean Thought
[ send me this paper ]
A 5 page examination of the views of the German philosopher Nietzsche and Socrates in regard to morality. Contends that although Nietzsche is most for what is perceived as his opposition to morality while Socrates is remembered for his quest to define morality and what it means to act in a morally responsible way, both agree that life is an ongoing struggle between the values of just and unjust, right and wrong, admissibility and shamefulness. Although the popular perception of Nietzsche is that he opposes morality, a closer look at this man and his writings reveals that he saw morality as being defined by the same factors by which Socrates saw it being defined. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: PPnietzs.wps

Nihilism In Today's Youth
[ send me this paper ]
A 5 page essay on how today's youth, particularly black males, are demonstrating nihilistic principles in their ‘‘street culture.'' Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: Nihilism.wps

Oedipus: Aristotle's Tragic Hero
[ send me this paper ]
A 5 page paper which discusses how Aristotle's Oedipus is a tragic hero. Aristotle's "Poetics" is cited. Bibliography lists 1 additional source.
Filename: RAoedptrgc.wps

Ontological And Epistemological Underpinnings Of The Heideggerean Hermeneutic Phenomenological Research Approach
[ send me this paper ]
15 pages in length. The ontological and epistemological underpinnings of the Heideggerean Hermeneutic Phenomenological research approach address the aspects of knowledge and interpretation as they directly relate to the concepts of existence and meaning. Considered to be an artful form of understanding, hermeneutics was derived from the Greek verb, hermeneueuein, 'to interpret,' and from the noun, hermeneia, or 'interpretation'. Hermeneutics, which pertains to the aspect of uncovering hidden meanings, is categorized as a method of textual analysis- that focuses upon the sociocultural and historic influences on inquiry. It is important to understand that there exist myriad philosophies by which people live their lives. These philosophies help maintain order and a sense of direction that otherwise would merely drift in subconscious thought, which also helps to apply a modicum of understanding to the concept of meaning. When ontological and epistemological underpinnings of Heideggerean Hermeneutic Phenomenological research approach are discussed, they are focused upon the interpretation of life, language and humanity's place within it all. Bibliography lists 20 sources.
Filename: TLCheide.wps

Oppression and Whether or Not Human Relations are Improving
[ send me this paper ]
This 5 page report discusses whether or not the relationships between human beings is improving, either on the individual or the cultural level. This report argues that they are not. When one examines the history of humanity and the ways in which various groups have subjugated others, it is logical to assume that the world has become a far more compassionate and carrying place. However, such is not necessarily the case. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: BWbetter.wps

Origin of the Universe
[ send me this paper ]
This 5 page paper looks at Michio Kaku's theories on the origin of the universe and why they are so important.The subject is discussed philosophically in terms of why man needs to know how the universe began. Hawking is quoted. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: Uniorig.wps

Passing the Peace: A Comparison of King, Gandhi and Thoreau
[ send me this paper ]
This 5 page paper looks at the teachings of Martin Luther King, Mahatma Gandhi and Henry David Thoreau. Differences and similarities between the three are noted. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: SA042KGT.wps

Perception, Memory And Time In the Sensual World
[ send me this paper ]
20 pages in length. Art is a language unto itself that speaks to the communal need for expression. Every individual -- no matter their origin or language -- has an inherent desire to express emotions, as well as to have these expressions understood. Art is such a universally recognized method of this statement that there exist no barriers with regard to interpretation. The mere fact that the human element is the primary implication in creating a particular work of art is enough of a connection to render any barrier obsolete; only when the erratic images of fractured time and space are again brought back into the mix are those boundaries erected once more. Clearly, the very essence of art transcends the otherwise finite and restrictive nature of expression; in order to bypass these barriers, one must reach beyond the limited scope of mortal time and space to achieve a more esoteric portrayal of perception, memory and time within the sensual world. Bibliography lists 19 sources.
Filename: TLCsense.wps

Perception, Memory, and Time in the Sensual World
[ send me this paper ]
This 10 page paper has been written to continue an exploration of the influence of Eastern philosophy on the development of my artistic practice. However, it also brings together, my increased artistic fascination with the temporal concepts of the physical body in relationship to ideas about perception, memory and time in an increasing sensual world. As the viewer participates through, or within the art experience, his physical body is defining that new experience, through his own awareness of perception, memory and time, therefore each viewer/participant may receive not only their own sense, or perception of the experience, but the back-loop of memory and time as well. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: BBmemart.doc

Personal Identity Over Time
[ send me this paper ]
An 8 page paper which discusses what constitutes personal identity over time, according to Barcalow. The information utilized was obtained from a fax sent by student. No additional sources cited.
Filename: RAbarclw.wps

Personal Responsibility and the Philosophers
[ send me this paper ]
A 5 page paper discussing whether individuals are personally responsible for their own actions or whether they can excuse their actions as being the result of childhood pressures, societal problems or other negative influences. The paper uses the views of Plato and Descartes, particularly their views of the nature of the soul and the mind to argue that yes, individuals are responsible for their own actions and choices. Experiences can color those choices, but everyone has a choice between right and wrong, and that determination does not rest on the individual's life history. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: KSpersRespon.wps

Perspectives on Philosophy
[ send me this paper ]
This nine page paper is in two parts. The first looks at the contradictions between philosophy, myth and religion to examine whether these contradictions are real or just common misconceptions. The second part of the paper looks to the early philosophers and considers the way in which they consider the contradictions in philosophy such as the use of the four elements. The bibliography cites 5 sources.
Filename: TErelphi.wps

Philosophical Argument: Bertrand Russell
[ send me this paper ]
This 5 page paper offers a tutorial discussion of the deductive logic used by Bertrand Russell in his book, The Problems Of Philosophy. No additional sources are listed. It concludes with an example of a criticism and, or, commentary.
Filename: KTrussel.wps

Philosophical Concepts of Good and Evil, As Defined By Aristotle, Saint Augustine, Friedrich Nietzsche and William James
[ send me this paper ]
A 6 page paper which examines how the concepts of good and evil were defined by classical philosophers Aristotle and Saint Augustine, and by more contemporary or "modern" philosophers as Friedrich Nietzsche and William James. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: TGgoodev.wps

Philosophical Education in Jostein Gaarder’s “Sophie’s World”
[ send me this paper ]
This 5 page report discusses the 1991 novel by Norwegian writer Jostein Gaarder and offers specific examples of some of the philosophical frameworks to which 14-year-old Sophie Amundsen is exposed. Initially, Sophie receives anonymous notes in the mail asking questions such as “who are you?” From that point on, Sophie (and the reader) are introduced to the world of Western philosophy that has stemmed from millennia of human beings asking themselves and each other exactly those questions. Sophie is challenged by the messages she receives in the mail to actually think about the nature of consciousness and cosmology. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: BWsophie.wps

Philosophical Issues: Hobbes and Rawls
[ send me this paper ]
A 10 page paper which discusses various philosophical issues as presented primarily from Hobbes, and secondarily by Rawls. Issues addressed concern the fool's argument in Hobbes' Leviathan, Hobbes' notions of personal contract, the prisoner's dilemma and assurance game, and Rawls' opinions regarding aspects of justice. The works used are Hobbes' Leviathan and Rawls' "A Theory of Justice." No additional sources cited.
Filename: RAhobbrwl.wps

Philosophical Perspectives on Death
[ send me this paper ]
A ten-page paper which considers changing philosophical attitudes towards death from Kant to Derrida, with reference also to the works of Nietzsche, Heidegger and Foucault. The writer comments on changes in philosophical thought from the Judaeo-Christian perspective of Kant to modern deconstructionalism. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: JLphil.wps

Philosophical Thought in "The Matrix"
[ send me this paper ]
A 5 page paper which discusses the philosophical thoughts of Locke and Berkeley as they relate to such modern science fiction films as "The Matrix." The main focus of the paper is on "The Matrix," though mention is made of "Blade Runner" as well, and specific thoughts regarding the material world and existence, including Locke's views concerning primary and secondary aspects. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: RAmatrbld.wps

Philosophy / Interdisciplinary View
[ send me this paper ]
A 5 page research essay which shows how philosophy relates to all of the other disciplines. Relationships formed by the writer include those between various philosophers and government, biology, genetics, education, literature, art, sociology, psychology, scientific method, and computer science. Bibliography lists 13 sources.
Filename: Phildisc.wps

Philosophy and Coaching
[ send me this paper ]
An 11 page paper which discusses various philosophical concepts in relationship to coaching sports. 1 page outline included. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: RAcoachng.wps

Philosophy In The 21st Century
[ send me this paper ]
6 pages in length. Is there philosophy after the twentieth century's end of philosophy? Indeed, if humanity is to continue in a forward progression, one might readily argue that there had better be philosophical thought in the twenty-first century. Contemporary philosophy is spawned from the past; without historical influence, today's world would have no resemblance to its current state. Without the necessary and inherent contribution of philosophy, the twenty-first century would offer no direction to the humans who look toward it in anticipation of a better world. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: TLCphl21.wps

Philosophy of 'Eliminative Materialism' by Paul Churchland
[ send me this paper ]
A 3 page paper discussing Paul Churchland's theory of 'Eliminative Materialism.' Bibliography lists one sources.
Filename: elim.dot

Philosophy Of The Mind
[ send me this paper ]
This 15 page paper explores the philosophical relationship between consciousness and scientific investigation by looking at the theories and perspectives on the philosophy of the mind of David Chalmers, Paul Churchland and Jaegwon Kim. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: KTphimnd.wps

Philosophy Related to Private Property
[ send me this paper ]
This 7 page paper explores Locke's Hobbes, and Rousseau's ideas about private property. Social contract theory is explained. Fundamental differences and similarities between the philosophers are noted. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: SA115pp.wps

Plato and Aristotle Compared
[ send me this paper ]
This 5 page paper evaluates Aristotle's critique of Plato's views. Several issues are discussed inclusive of the relevance of the soul. Bibliography lists 5 sources .
Filename: SA108Plt.wps

Plato and Descartes on Sensation as Related to Knowledge
[ send me this paper ]
(8 pp) The author will use this discussion to examine the role of the sense in the relationship to the acquiring of knowledge as presented by the philosophers Plato and Descartes. The discussion concludes with instructor generated questions and personal opinions by the author. Bibliography lists 4 sources
Filename: BBplades.doc

Plato and Rousseau: Related by Analogy
[ send me this paper ]
(5 pp) An "analogy" according to Mr. Webster, is an inference that if two or more things agree in some respects they will probably agree in others - a likeness between things that are unlike. In this discussion we will determine the analogies that Plato used in the Republic and Rousseau in The Social Contract.
Filename: BBplaRou.doc

Plato and Rousseau: Related by Analogy
[ send me this paper ]
(5 pp) An analogy" according to Mr. Webster, is an inference that if two or more things agree in some respects they will probably agree in others - a likeness between things that are unlike. In this discussion we will determine the analogies that Plato used in the Republic and Rousseau in The Social Contract.
Filename: BBplaRuR.doc

Plato And Socrates: Concepts
[ send me this paper ]
5 pages in length. The writer discusses conception as it relates to Plato's "The Apology" and "Myth of the Cave," as well as addresses Socrates' perspective of philosophers and death with regard to Tolstoy's "Death of Ivan Ilyich." Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: TLCplpha.wps

Plato’s “The Republic” and Thomas Hobbes’ “The Leviathan” on Forms of Power
[ send me this paper ]
A 5 page paper which examines the role of manipulation in the theories of these renowned political philosophers, and compares these theories to today’s world. No additional sources are used.
Filename: TGplahob.rtf

Power, Nature, Identity, and Belief in Machiavelli, Galileo, Goethe, and Marx
[ send me this paper ]
This 15 page report discusses the fact that throughout the philosophical constructs of history, issues relating to power, personal and group identity, humanity’s relationship with nature, and the spiritual awareness and beliefs have served as the foundation by which civilizations have defined and thus understood themselves. Many, if not most, of the world’s most eminent thinkers, writers, and philosophers focused on some aspect of one or a combination of the “elements” associated with power, identity, nature, and belief. This factor is reviewed in the works of Machiavelli (“The Prince”), Galileo (“Discoveries and Opinions of Galileo”), Goethe (“Sorrows of Young Werther”) and Marx (“The Communist Manifesto). Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: BWpowrid.wps

Power: Coercion or Capacity?
[ send me this paper ]
A 5 page paper which examines whether the condition or state of power is coercion or capacity. The paper argues that power is capacity, for it is a commodity in many senses, a privilege granted someone or something. Coercion is not power, for power cannot force change upon all things. Machiavelli's "The Prince is discussed in this examination. Bibliography list 1 additional source.
Filename: RApowercc.wps

Pragmatism, According to William James and John Dewey
[ send me this paper ]
A 6 page paper which compares and contrasts two philosophers' interpretation of one school of philosophy. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: TGjdprag.wps

Presidential Candidates and Philosophical Tradition
[ send me this paper ]
This excellent 5 page paper discusses the fact that philosophy is an academic arena which most view as having little to do with the real world. In viewing the presidential hopefuls, however, and studying their party platforms, we can see how some of their policies and views reflect statements and ideals set by such philosophers as Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, and Jean-Jacques Rousseau. Describes how the beliefs and visions by each of the presidential candidates presented are inherently linked in some way to some or all of these philosophers.
Filename: JGAprzph.wps

Pressures and Conflicts of the Ancient World as Shown by Plato, Horace and Thucydides
[ send me this paper ]
This 5 page report discusses that many of the conflicts of the world of the ancient philosophers were similar to those that exist in the 21st century. Politics and greed, arguments regarding the corruption of young people, international boundaries, and the rights and obligations of the common man all figure into the mix. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: BWpressu.wps

Private Property: Central To John Locke's Philosophical Views Of Politics
[ send me this paper ]
8 pages in length. The fundamental basis of John Locke's political viewpoint revolves around the notion of private property and the natural rights that inherently accompany such ownership. Within the realm of life exists inherent elements to one's existence; paramount to man's existence is the concept of natural rights. Philosophers have long postulated what, exactly, these rights consist of within the massive scope of mortality, with some contending that natural rights are those that are without social infiltration, while others attest to the fact that natural rights are doled out only by social status. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: TLClocke.wps

Professor Bernard Williams On Utilitarianism
[ send me this paper ]
6 pages in length. Bernard Williams, the Knightsbridge Professor of Philosophy at Cambridge University, believes that utilitarianism, while professing to protect the majority's quest for happiness, does nothing to promote individual rights. When assessing the Williams' concerns, it is important for the student to consider the fact that utilitarianism represents the belief that what serves the greatest number serves the greater good, rather than what is favorable for a few. Ethically speaking, Williams contends that a single entity cannot begin to know what is for the good of the majority when it comes to the pursuit of happiness, inasmuch as people perceive this aspect in significantly different ways. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: TLCbwill.wps

Purpose and Meaning in Life According to Great Minds
[ send me this paper ]
A 5 page paper which discusses how some of the great minds in history have addressed the aspect of a meaningful life. Those discussed in these terms are Viktor Frankl, Plato, Nietzsche, and Albert Camus. The aspect of a meaningful life is examined in how the great minds look at life, addressing if it has a purpose, and who the giver of that purpose is, if they are of the mind to belief there is a purpose to life. The works discussed are Frankl's 'Man's Search for Meaning,' Plato's 'Republic,' Nietzsche's 'The Antichrist,' and Camus' 'The Stranger.' No additional sources cited.
Filename: RAmeanlfe.wps

Question and Answer of Leo XIII with Reference to His Work "On the Condition of the Working Class" (Rerum Novarum)
[ send me this paper ]
A 5 page paper that, based on Leo XIII's "On the Condition of the Working Class," asks of Leo XIII a question, presents his hypothetical answer, and then presents a reply to that answer. No additional sources cited.
Filename: RAleoxiii.wps

Questions and Answers in Philosophy
[ send me this paper ]
This 5 page paper answers eight questions posed by a student. The paper focuses on Aristotle, Mill and Kant. Several original works by the philosophers are used. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: SA 117Q&A.doc

Questions of Economic Philosophy
[ send me this paper ]
This 12 page paper looks at eight specific questions regarding economic philosophy. The answers regard Adam Smith. Karl Marx and Emile Durkheim and ideas of labor, commodities and society. The bibliography cites 4 sources.
Filename: TEquephi.wps

Request a FREE, one page excerpt
from ANY paper!

Customized assistance is also available!